A multi-tone central divided difference frequency tracker with adaptive process noise covariance tuning

The problem of real-time frequency estimation of nonstationary multi-harmonic signals is important in many applications. In this paper, we propose a novel multi-frequency tracker based on a state-space representation of the signal with Cartesian filters and the second-order central divided difference filter (CDDF), which improves the performance of the extended Kalman filter (EKF) by using Stirling's interpolation method to approximate the mean and covariance of the state vector. A crucial element of the method is the adaptive scaling of the process noise covariance matrix appearing in the filter equations, as a function of the innovation sequence, which tunes the accuracy-reactivity trade-off of the filter. The proposed solution is evaluated against two approaches from the literature, namely the factorized adaptive notch filter (FANF) and the extended Kalman filter frequency tracker (EKFFT). Several experiments emphasize the estimation accuracy of the proposed method as well as the improved robustness with respect to initial errors and input signal complexity. The presented method appears to be particularly efficient with rapidly varying frequencies, thanks to the update mechanism that adjusts the filter parameters based on the amplitude of the estimation error.     

变截面Z型折叠机翼振动特性的有限元与实验分析

Z型变截面折叠机翼作为一种可变体机翼结构,不同的折叠角对机翼稳定性有着重要的影响,因此研究不同折叠角度下的特性参数对机翼动态稳定性有着重要的意义.本文首先设计加工了Z型变截面可折叠机翼结构的实验模型,通过建立与实验模型相匹配的有限元模型,仿真得到不同折叠角度下机翼的前5阶固有频率和振型,针对不同折叠角度下机翼的固有特性,通过扫频实验得到机翼前5阶固有频率和模态振型,以及横向外激励作用下三段翼的频响曲线,对比分析有限元仿真与实验结果,验证结果的可靠性,这将对机翼结构设计以及特性参数的选取提供参考依据.     

基于宽频复电阻率的含黏土沉积物中水合物饱和度计算方法

天然气水合物沉积物中的黏土成分显著影响沉积物的电学特性以及水合物饱和度的计算模型。以自主设计开发的复电阻率参数测量装置为实验平台,在20 Hz ~ 100 kHz频率范围内测试了黏土条件下含水合物海沙体系的复电阻率,分析了复电阻率的频散特性、黏土影响以及主导的电极化机制,利用泥质修正Archie公式建立了基于宽频复电阻率的水合物饱和度计算模型。研究结果表明：（1）含水合物海沙体系的复电阻率呈现出显著的频散特性,双电层极化和界面极化分别是20 Hz ~ 1 kHz和1 ~ 100 kHz频段主导的极化机制;（2）黏土颗粒表面的双电层发生形变增强了含水合物沉积物双电层极化作用,提高了复电阻率相角和虚部的绝对值;（3）在20 Hz ~ 100 kHz频率范围内泥质修正Archie公式岩性系数较为稳定,而胶结指数和饱和度指数与测试频率之间的关系在20 Hz ~ 1 kHz和1 ~ 100 kHz频段差异显著,因此应分频段建立水合物饱和度计算模型。本研究为探讨含水合物沉积物的低频电学特性和建立含黏土沉积物中水合物饱和度计算模型提供了新的途径。     

立式退火炉张力设定模型及应用

带钢在立式退火炉内发生瓢曲、跑偏的临界张力与炉辊凸度、带钢规格都存在一定关系，但缺乏合理的定量分析方法，难以科学制定不同规格、不同钢种带钢的炉内单位张力。通过引入瓢曲风险因子BRI，可以定量地分析炉内板带瓢曲风险，从而确定冷硬板带炉内张力设定上限，即板带发生热瓢曲的临界张力σC，为连退炉加热段和冷却段的张力控制提供依据。采用该方法对连退炉加热、冷却区的张力进行了优化，应用结果表明，优化后的张力值与实测值更加吻合。     

应用PMO提高连铸坯生产拉速及成分均匀性

为了实现电炉厂提产增效的目标,研究了脉冲磁致振荡(PMO)在提高铸坯生产拉速中的应用潜能。结果表明,优化PMO处理参数可以适应生产拉速提高的要求,并改善铸坯的中心偏析和宏观偏析。当连铸拉速提至1.05 m/min,PMO脉冲频率为1.16K_f Hz,峰值电压为1.00K_iV处理参数(K_f和K_i分别为仪器的放电频率和电压峰值)时, 铸坯横断面碳偏析指数可控制在1±0.05内;当连铸拉速提至1.15 m/min,PMO脉冲频率为1.28K_fHz,峰值电压为1.00K_iV处理参数时,铸坯横断面碳偏析指数可控制在1±0.07内。试验证明,在高拉速条件下通过保证单位时间内对钢液施加的脉冲能量可以使连铸坯质量得到有效改善。     

Enhanced electrical and photoluminescence properties of BiSbO4-doped CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics by modifying grain boundary response

CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂-xwt%BiSbO₄ ceramics (CCTO-xwt%BSO, x = 0, 1, 2, 3) were prepared by solid-state reaction method. The microstructure, dielectric properties, varistor properties, photoluminescence properties of CCTO-xwt%BSO ceramics were studied in this work. Results showed that all samples formed CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂ (CCTO) single phase. Doping BiSbO₄ (BSO) restrained the abnormal grain growth and increased the grain boundary density of ceramics. The introduction of BSO led to the increase of the grain boundary resistance, reducing the dielectric loss and enhancing the temperature stability of dielectric properties. The nonlinear electrical characteristics are enhanced with proper concentration of BSO. And the improved varistor performance with breakdown electric field of ～3.98–34.6 and nonlinear coefficient of ～1.49–2.96 are obtained for CCTO-xwt%BSO samples. In addition, the photoluminescent emission of the samples is enhanced with the addition of appropriate equivalent BSO, showing the potential applications in novel devices with photoluminescent/electrical multifunctional properties.     

宽尾墩体型对高拱坝表孔最大压力的影响

宽尾墩应用于高拱坝表孔后会增大壁面压力,在一定程度上增加了结构设计难度,为探究表孔壁面最大压力与宽尾墩体型之间的关系,采用数值计算方法研究了宽尾墩收缩比、收缩率等体型参数对高拱坝表孔流道中心线及侧墙最大压力的影响。结果表明,堰面中线与侧墙最大压力均随收缩率的增大而增大,随收缩比的增大而减小;并推出表孔流道中线及侧墙最大压力与收缩率、收缩比之间的定量计算公式,从而为表孔宽尾墩的结构设计提供参考。     

地应力套心解除法测量精度的校验方法研究

介绍了国内外空心包体应变计等套心解除地应力测试技术的基本情况,套心解除测试技术测量精度研究的现状,进行测量精度校验研究的依据和重要意义。提出了一种在岩石洞室进行校验试验的装置,论述了校验试验环境、物理模型组成、试验过程和试验真值获取注意事项。首次给出并重点论述了二维和三维地应力测量精度的定量表述方法,给出了量值综合误差、量值最大误差、角度综合误差和角度最大误差公式,以及多样本的平均误差公式。对上述测量精度误差公式的表述效果进行了讨论,对比了在“一般情况下”和“极端情况下”综合误差和最大误差表述方式的效果,明确了表述公式的适用性。     

基于智能控制的煤层气抽采监测系统的应用研究

提出了一种基于智能控制的煤层气抽采监测系统。该系统以可编程逻辑控制器为控制中心,通过监测传感器实现对煤层气抽采时的井底流压力、温度等的连续性监测,实现对抽采设备运行转速的调整。实际表明该控制系统能将井底流压力变化范围控制在0.4%范围内,有效提升了煤层气采集的控制精度和采集速度。     

Enhancing stability region of time‐delayed smart power grids by non‐integer controllers

In this study, the impacts of non‐integer order controller on the stable parameter space of the microgrid (MG) frequency control system with fixed communication time delay are investigated and discussed with the help of the stability boundary locus (SBL) method. This study proposes a non‐integer order controller for the load frequency control (LFC) of the MG systems. To that end, the load frequency model of the MG is formulated and then the characteristic equations of this model are obtained. Then, with the help of this characteristic equation, the stable parameter space of the non‐integer controller is determined with regard to different time delay (τ ) and fractional integral order values (α ) using the SBL method. In order to show the accuracy of the obtained stable parameter space, time domain and generalized modified Mikhailov (GMM) criterion studies are carried out for different values of (τ ) and (α ). According to the results obtained, the areas of stable parameter space according to different α values and τ = 1.6 are calculated as 444.8860 for α = 0.4 , 342.9728 for α = 0.7 , 259.3578 for α = 1 , 216.2541 for α = 1.3 and 159.6826 for α = 1.6 . In addition, the areas of stable parameter space according to different τ values and α = 1.4 are calculated as 784.5222 for τ = 1 , 106.3219 for τ = 2 , 29.6959 for τ = 3 and 11.5946 for τ = 4 . Despite the extreme variability arising from nature of resources that make up the MG, the designed non integer order controller with the values selected within the stable parameter space stably carries out LFC control of the MG.